#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace __gnu_pbds;
typedef tree<int, null_type, less<int>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update> orderedset;
#define MO2 ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(NULL);
#define endl '\n'
#define int long long
#define elif else if
#define sz(x) long(x.size())
#define all(vec) vec.begin(), vec.end()
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
const int dx[] = {0, -1, 0, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1};
const int dy[] = {-1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, -1};
int n, m;
string s, z;
vector<int> ind, val,vec;
void dope() {}
bool can (int mid) {
return val[mid] > m;
}
int BS() {
int l = 0, r = sz(ind) - 1, ans = sz(ind);
while (l <= r) {
int mid = (l + r) / 2;
if (can(mid)) {
r = mid - 1;
ans = mid;
}
else
l = mid + 1;
}
return sz(ind) - ans;
}
void solve() {
cin >> n;
vec = vector<int>(n);
set<pair<int, int>> st;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
cin >> vec[i];
if (vec[i] < i + 1)
st.insert({i + 1, vec[i]});
}
int ans = 0;
ind = val = vector <int> (0);
for (auto&it:st)
ind.push_back(it.first), val.push_back(it.second);
for (int i = 0; i < sz(ind); i++) {
m = ind[i];
ans += BS();
}
cout << ans;
}
signed main() {
MO2
#if ONLINE_JUDGE || CPH
#else
freopen("Input.txt", "r", stdin);
freopen("Output.txt", "w", stdout);
#endif
int nop = 1; cin >> nop;
while (nop--)
{
solve();
if (nop)
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}
I2luY2x1ZGUgPGJpdHMvc3RkYysrLmg+CiNpbmNsdWRlIDxleHQvcGJfZHMvYXNzb2NfY29udGFpbmVyLmhwcD4KI2luY2x1ZGUgPGV4dC9wYl9kcy90cmVlX3BvbGljeS5ocHA+CnVzaW5nIG5hbWVzcGFjZSBzdGQ7CnVzaW5nIG5hbWVzcGFjZSBfX2dudV9wYmRzOwp0eXBlZGVmIHRyZWU8aW50LCBudWxsX3R5cGUsIGxlc3M8aW50PiwgcmJfdHJlZV90YWcsIHRyZWVfb3JkZXJfc3RhdGlzdGljc19ub2RlX3VwZGF0ZT4gb3JkZXJlZHNldDsKI2RlZmluZSBNTzIgaW9zX2Jhc2U6OnN5bmNfd2l0aF9zdGRpbyhmYWxzZSk7Y2luLnRpZShOVUxMKTsKI2RlZmluZSBlbmRsICdcbicKI2RlZmluZSBpbnQgbG9uZyBsb25nCiNkZWZpbmUgZWxpZiBlbHNlIGlmCiNkZWZpbmUgc3ooeCkgbG9uZyh4LnNpemUoKSkKI2RlZmluZSBhbGwodmVjKSB2ZWMuYmVnaW4oKSwgdmVjLmVuZCgpCmNvbnN0IGludCBtb2QgPSAxZTkgKyA3Owpjb25zdCBpbnQgZHhbXSA9IHswLCAtMSwgMCwgMSwgMSwgLTEsIDEsIC0xfTsKY29uc3QgaW50IGR5W10gPSB7LTEsIDAsIDEsIDAsIDEsIDEsIC0xLCAtMX07CgppbnQgbiwgbTsKc3RyaW5nIHMsIHo7CnZlY3RvcjxpbnQ+IGluZCwgdmFsLHZlYzsKdm9pZCBkb3BlKCkge30KYm9vbCBjYW4gKGludCBtaWQpIHsKICAgIHJldHVybiB2YWxbbWlkXSA+IG07Cn0KaW50IEJTKCkgewogICAgaW50IGwgPSAwLCByID0gc3ooaW5kKSAtIDEsIGFucyA9IHN6KGluZCk7CiAgICB3aGlsZSAobCA8PSByKSB7CiAgICAgICAgaW50IG1pZCA9IChsICsgcikgLyAyOwogICAgICAgIGlmIChjYW4obWlkKSkgewogICAgICAgICAgICByID0gbWlkIC0gMTsKICAgICAgICAgICAgYW5zID0gbWlkOwogICAgICAgIH0KICAgICAgICBlbHNlCiAgICAgICAgICAgIGwgPSBtaWQgKyAxOwogICAgfQogICAgcmV0dXJuIHN6KGluZCkgLSBhbnM7Cn0Kdm9pZCBzb2x2ZSgpIHsKICAgIGNpbiA+PiBuOwogICAgdmVjID0gdmVjdG9yPGludD4obik7CiAgICBzZXQ8cGFpcjxpbnQsIGludD4+IHN0OwogICAgZm9yIChpbnQgaSA9IDA7IGkgPCBuOyBpKyspIHsKICAgICAgICBjaW4gPj4gdmVjW2ldOwogICAgICAgIGlmICh2ZWNbaV0gPCBpICsgMSkKICAgICAgICAgICAgc3QuaW5zZXJ0KHtpICsgMSwgdmVjW2ldfSk7CiAgICB9CiAgICBpbnQgYW5zID0gMDsKICAgIGluZCA9IHZhbCA9IHZlY3RvciA8aW50PiAoMCk7CiAgICBmb3IgKGF1dG8maXQ6c3QpCiAgICAgICAgaW5kLnB1c2hfYmFjayhpdC5maXJzdCksIHZhbC5wdXNoX2JhY2soaXQuc2Vjb25kKTsKCiAgICBmb3IgKGludCBpID0gMDsgaSA8IHN6KGluZCk7IGkrKykgewogICAgICAgIG0gPSBpbmRbaV07CiAgICAgICAgYW5zICs9IEJTKCk7CiAgICB9CiAgICBjb3V0IDw8IGFuczsKfQpzaWduZWQgbWFpbigpIHsKICAgIE1PMgojaWYgT05MSU5FX0pVREdFIHx8IENQSAojZWxzZQogICAgZnJlb3BlbigiSW5wdXQudHh0IiwgInIiLCBzdGRpbik7CiAgICBmcmVvcGVuKCJPdXRwdXQudHh0IiwgInciLCBzdGRvdXQpOwojZW5kaWYKICAgIGludCBub3AgPSAxOyAgY2luID4+IG5vcDsKICAgIHdoaWxlIChub3AtLSkKICAgIHsKICAgICAgICBzb2x2ZSgpOwogICAgICAgIGlmIChub3ApCiAgICAgICAgICAgIGNvdXQgPDwgZW5kbDsKICAgIH0KICAgIHJldHVybiAwOwp9